Rust & Solana

Rust

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Installation

1. create a virtual env (pipenv/conda). I am using conda

   • conda create -n rust
   • conda activate rust

2. visit Rust home page [https://www.rust-lang.org/learn/get-started]

   • run curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
   • check the installation by running.
     • which cargo
     • which rustc
   • install vscode (or editor of your choice)
     • install crates pkg (dependency in rust are managed by Cargo.toml)
     • install rust

Introduction

3. Notes

• 3.1 - first program

  • run cargo new hello-world --bin creates a folder
  • the src folder contains main.rs file
    • ! is a macro different from function (fn) macro writes more code
  • cd hello-world
  • compile by running cargo run or rustc main.rs
  • compiled code is in target/debug/ -> ./hello-world

• 3.2 variables

  • let a = 10 - this is immutable by default, reassiging will throw error
  • let mut a = 20 - reassign to 20

• 3.3 types

  • let var: i32 = 200 - 32 bit integer
  • rust is statically typed - the variable types cannot be changes
  • int have signed and unsigned and are represented by i8, i16, i32,i64 etc
  • float represented by f32, f64 etc
  • char are utf8 or ascii
  • bool - true or false * composite types*
    • tuples have multiple data types
      • let tup = (10, "hi", true) access by a.0 etc
      • let (t1, t2, _ ) = tup
    • array - same data type (mutability rule gets applied here)
      • let arr = [10, 20, 30] access by arr[0] etc
      • let arr = [1; 5] for printing 1s 5 times {:?}
      • let arr : [f32; 5] = [1; 5] for delaring the type
  • Conditions, loops & iterators
    • if - else if - else
    • loop { if... } | loop { while... }
    • for
    • for y in 0..10 - prints from 0 to 9
    • for y in 0..=10 - prints including 10
    • for x in arr when arr = ['a', 'b', 'c']
  • match - combination of switch statment + if condition
    • match x { }
    • match (x, y) {}