Substrate Pallet for chaotic experimentations

Related tags

Cryptography pallet-chaos

Overview

Chaos Pallet

The Chaos module is used to inject chaos into a Substrate Runtime and intentionally break things.

Overview

The Chaos module provides functions for:

Make Substrate Runtimes behave in ways that they're not supposed to.
Explore Runtime edge cases.
Explore Extrinsic weights and their economic implications.
Expose Runtime Attack Vectors.

Terminology

Block Dragger: an expensive Dispatch call specifically designed to drag down Block production on the Runtime.
Weight Damper: a property of Block Draggers. Consists of a floating point multiplier (0.0 < wd < 1.0) for Dispatch weights.

Implementations

The Chaos module provides implementations for the following traits. If these traits provide the functionality that you need, then you can avoid coupling with the Chaos module.

Block Dragger: Functions for dragging down Block production.

Interface

Dispatchable Functions

dragLoopUnitWeight(n) - Drag block production by calculating hashes in a loop (n times), with constant unitary weight.
dragLoopDampWeight(n, wd) - Drag block production by calculating hashes in a loop (n times), with linear damping on weight (0.0 < wd < 1.0). (ToDo)

Usage

The following examples show how to use the Chaos module in your custom Runtime.

Pallet Inclusion

Clone substrate-node-template.

Declare the Chaos pallet on the Runtime Cargo.toml:

diff --git a/runtime/Cargo.toml b/runtime/Cargo.toml
index f7b2d0d..1c6abb4 100644
--- a/runtime/Cargo.toml
+++ b/runtime/Cargo.toml
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ repository = 'https://github.com/substrate-developer-hub/substrate-node-template
 [package.metadata.docs.rs]
 targets = ['x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu']
 
-[dependencies.pallet-template]
+[dependencies.pallet-chaos]
 default-features = false
-path = '../pallets/template'
+path = '../pallets/pallet-chaos'
 version = '3.0.0-monthly-2021-10'
 
 [build-dependencies.substrate-wasm-builder]
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ runtime-benchmarks = [
     'frame-system/runtime-benchmarks',
     'hex-literal',
     'pallet-balances/runtime-benchmarks',
-    'pallet-template/runtime-benchmarks',
+    'pallet-chaos/runtime-benchmarks',
     'pallet-timestamp/runtime-benchmarks',
     'sp-runtime/runtime-benchmarks',
 ]
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ std = [
     'pallet-grandpa/std',
     'pallet-randomness-collective-flip/std',
     'pallet-sudo/std',
-    'pallet-template/std',
+    'pallet-chaos/std',
     'pallet-timestamp/std',
     'pallet-transaction-payment-rpc-runtime-api/std',
     'pallet-transaction-payment/std',

Import the Chaos pallet into the Runtime runtime/src/lib.rs:

diff --git a/runtime/src/lib.rs b/runtime/src/lib.rs
index 8c6b839..baa7521 100644
--- a/runtime/src/lib.rs
+++ b/runtime/src/lib.rs
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ use pallet_transaction_payment::CurrencyAdapter;
 pub use sp_runtime::BuildStorage;
 pub use sp_runtime::{Perbill, Permill};
 
-/// Import the template pallet.
-pub use pallet_template;
+/// Import the chaos pallet.
+pub use pallet_chaos;
 
 /// An index to a block.
 pub type BlockNumber = u32;
@@ -272,8 +272,8 @@ impl pallet_sudo::Config for Runtime {
        type Call = Call;
 }
 
-/// Configure the pallet-template in pallets/template.
-impl pallet_template::Config for Runtime {
+/// Configure the pallet-chaos in pallets/chaos.
+impl pallet_chaos::Config for Runtime {
        type Event = Event;
 }
 
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ construct_runtime!(
                TransactionPayment: pallet_transaction_payment::{Pallet, Storage},
                Sudo: pallet_sudo::{Pallet, Call, Config<T>, Storage, Event<T>},
                // Include the custom logic from the pallet-template in the runtime.
-               TemplateModule: pallet_template::{Pallet, Call, Storage, Event<T>},
+               Chaos: pallet_chaos::{Pallet, Call, Storage, Event<T>},
        }
 );

Dragging Blocks

Start the chain:

$ ./target/release/node-template --dev --tmp

On PolkadotJS, connect to DEVELOPMENT Chain (ws://127.0.0.1:9944).

Open Developer->Extrinsics. Choose chaos->dragLoopUnitWeight(n).

Here's where the experimentation starts. Choose different values for n, call Submit Transaction and observe the effects on block production.

Empirical Observations

Empirical observations were collected in a machine with the following specs:

// ToDo

dragLoopUnitWeight

n	added block time
1_000_000	x
5_000_000	x
10_000_000	x
50_000_000	x
100_000_000	x
500_000_000	x
1_000_000_000	x

dragLoopDampWeight

n	wd	added block time
1_000_000	0.3	x
10_000_000	0.3	x
50_000_000	0.3	x
100_000_000	0.3	x
500_000_000	0.3	x
1_000_000_000	0.3	x
1_000_000	0.6	x
10_000_000	0.6	x
50_000_000	0.6	x
100_000_000	0.6	x
500_000_000	0.6	x
1_000_000_000	0.6	x
1_000_000	0.9	x
10_000_000	0.9	x
50_000_000	0.9	x
100_000_000	0.9	x
500_000_000	0.9	x
1_000_000_000	0.9	x

License

LGPL-3.0

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